Artificial Intelligence with python

 

AI With Python – Computer Vision


Computer vision is concerned with modelling and replicating human vision using computer software and hardware. In this chapter, you will learn in detail about this.

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Computer Vision

Computer vision is a discipline that studies how to reconstruct, interrupt, and understand a 3d scene from its 2d images, in terms of the properties of the structure present in the scene.

Computer Vision Hierarchy

Computer vision is divided into three basic categories as following −
  • Low-level vision − It includes process images for feature extraction.
  • Intermediate-level vision − It includes object recognition and 3D scene interpretation
  • High-level vision − It includes a conceptual description of a scene like activity, intention, and behavior.

Computer Vision Vs Image Processing

Image processing studies image to image transformation. The input and output of image processing are both images.
Computer vision is the construction of explicit, meaningful descriptions of physical objects from their image. The output of computer vision is a description or an interpretation of structures in the 3D scene.

Applications

Computer vision finds applications in the following fields −
Robotics
  • Localization-determine robot location automatically
  • Navigation
  • Obstacles avoidance
  • Assembly (peg-in-hole, welding, painting)
  • Manipulation (e.g. PUMA robot manipulator)
Medicine
  • Classification and detection (e.g. lesion or cells classification and tumor detection)
  • 2D/3D segmentation
  • 3D human organ reconstruction (MRI or ultrasound)
Security
  • Biometrics (iris, fingerprint, face recognition)
  • Surveillance-detecting certain suspicious activities or behaviors
Transportation
  • Autonomous vehicle
  • Safety, e.g., driver vigilance monitoring
  • Industrial inspection (defect detection)
  • Assembly
  • Barcode and package label reading
  • Object sorting
  • Document understanding (e.g. OCR)

Installing Useful Packages

For Computer vision with Python, you can use a popular library called OpenCV (Open Source Computer Vision). It is a library of programming functions mainly aimed at real-time computer vision. It is written in C++ and its primary interface is in C++. You can install this package with the help of the following command −
pip install opencv_python-X.X-cp36-cp36m-winX.whl
Here X represents the version of Python installed on your machine as well as the win32 or 64 bit you are having.
If you are using the anaconda environment, then use the following command to install OpenCV −
conda install -c conda-forge opencv



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